Safeguarding Policy for Childminders Essay Example for Free

Safeguarding Policy for Childminders EssaySafeguarding refers to keep oning children safe protecting them from harm/ misapply, unsafe great deal and impaired health/development, ensuring that they have the stovepipe possible opportunities in their lives.As a childminder it is my responsibility to ensure the safety and welfare of all children in my rush. In doing so, I must- Keep a confidential written record of any(prenominal) warning behavioural indicators/changes, signs/symptoms giving cause for concern. I leave use body maps to indicate locations of bruising or former(a) injuries to children who arrive at my setting with existing injuries. Not question children, allowing them to tell me things in their own time and their own way, using their own words. hold confidentiality not discussing with any other party, particularly the parents of a child I suspect may need safeguarding if that may put the child at risk. attain the local safeguarding or Social Services if I have concerns regarding the safety/welfare of a child in my care. Seek support for myself if I run across a safeguarding situation distressing, whilst maintaining confidentiality.Mobile phones and cameras-Any photographs I take in the course of my childminding work (to be used for the purposes of observing the children and keeping records of their development/progress) will be saved securely (with passwords) on my computer and be unavailable to others to view. Once printed these photographs will be deleted from my phone/camera/computer immediately.Others living in or visiting my home will be informed that, in accordance with this policy, they should not take photographs/videos in my home whilst I have children in my care.Regulatory requirements for safeguarding children in home-based childcare-To comply with safeguarding regulations, as a registered Childminder I have completed the following- Child Protection training. This Safeguarding Policy which is to be reviewed regularly a nd regiond with parents of all children in my care. Enhanced CRB Disclosure for all adults (over 16 years) living at the registered property.Signs, symptoms, indicators and behaviours that cause concern in the context of safeguarding-Physical detestation bruises in unusual places, of different ages in the same place, of the same shape in different places outline bruises (hand/belt/shoe prints) bruising of non-mobile babies fractures injuries which have not received medical attention burns bites inconsistent accounts of injuries reluctance to change clothes or uncover parts of body (eg rolling up sleeves). except dirty skin/hair untreated headlice dirty, soiled, ill-fitting clothing or that which is inappropriate for the weather left alone/unsupervised frequently lack of medical care/treatment frequent hunger frequent tiredness stealing food withdrawn behaviour.Sexual abuse allegations make by child inappropriate companionship/play/actions displayed (incl provocative behaviour) speaking/drawing/playing displaying sexual activity recurrent urine infections unexplained recurrent stomach pain severe quietness disturbance with fears, nightmares eating disorders.Emotional abuse low self-esteem (incl commenting negatively about self) self-harm attention seeking/obsessive behaviour inability to mix with other children sleep/speech disorders aggression/depression/ peak anxiety changes in mood/behaviour (esp becoming withdrawn/unwilling to be away from carer) extreme shyness nervous behaviour.In the event that I believe (with good reason) that any child(ren) in my care is(are) subject to abuse it is my duty to report this to the profession Social Worker in my local authority areas Local Safeguarding Children Board. Under such circumstances it will be necessary for me to share confidential information regarding the child(ren) concerned with OFSTED, Social Services and the Police if requested, superseding any confidentiality agreements held between myself and the child(ren)s parents.Protecting my own position I will keep clear records of any injuries sustained by children in my care, as well as any pre-existing injuries they have sustained outside of my care. Unless exceptional circumstances indicate that this would put the child at risk of harm, a childs main carer will usually be asked to sign my notes as an decreed record of the injury. This does not indicate any negativity towards or suspicion of the childs family or personal circumstances, but is intended as guard for myself and my own family/household members against potential allegations made about our treatment of the children in my childcare setting. Carers will also be asked to sign any entry made in my accident book in the event of their child sustaining injury whilst in my care, as a record that I have made them to the full aware of the incident and any resulting injury.Useful telephone numbers-Childcare Services (Access and Referral Team)Duty Social WorkerPolice (Pennines)T he Statutory Framework for the earlier Years Foundation Stage states that-Registered providers must inform OFSTED of any allegations of serious harm or abuse by any person living, working, or feeling after children at the premises (whether that allegation relates to harm or abuse committed on the premises or elsewhere), or any other abuse which is alleged to have taken place on the premises, and of the action taken in respect of these allegations. Registered providers must inform OFSTED of these allegations assoon as is slightly practicable, but at the latest within 14 days of the allegations being made. A registered provider who, without reasonable excuse, fails to comply with this requirement, commits an offence.Should any allegations be made against any member of my household I will report this to OFSTED as a matter or urgency within the prescribed 14 days.

More Than Just the Disease by Bernard McLaverty Essay Example for Free

More Than plainly the Disease by Bernard McLaverty EssayMore Than Just the Disease, written by Bernard McLaverty has one major character, Neil. The story is seen through his eyes and illustrates the problems that he has to deal with at this point in his life. Arguably the biggest problem Neil has in the story is his psoriasis, this is also a contributor to another of his problems, which is his huge lack of trustingness, and it also contributes in a profound way to his insecurity.McLaverty has written the character of Neil tike with many quite complex problems one of which is the astonishing influence Mrs Fry Neils mother has on him. He frequently hears her voice in his head compulsive him, telling him how he should act, what he should do in certain situations and how to feel on certain matters. This occurs when Neil is having breakfast with Michaels family. His mother, without being present, tells him that he should, Close his mouth when he is eating she goes on to say, Ot hers have to live with you Neil. He hears her again when he is unpacking after arriving at Michaels holiday home. She says Be tidy at all generation and then no one can surprise you. I could go on for pages listing more and more instances of this but I wont redeem any marks for doing that I regress. Although Mrs Fry means absolutely no harm, in fact quite the opposite, when implanting these views, ideas and reactions into Neils head, she is actually contributing to many of Neils problems such as his lack of assurance, his ignorance and his insecurity.Neil finds, when he goes to stay with Michael on the coast, that his mother is entirely wrong about the middle classes and how they live and behave. He finds contrary to his expectations that they do not go away the stereotype, they are not posh but in fact they are reasonably laid back.Neil is very insecure possibly, again, owing to his mothers domination over him and because Neil kept hearing his mothers voice A good example of t his is him going to the bathroom to put on his pyjamas and buttoning the jacket right up to the neck, whereas Michael while bending his accouterments and flexing his biceps announces proudly I only wear pyjama bottoms. This, as well as illustrating Neils insecurity, also is a good illustration of Neils massive infra confidence and Michaels abundance of it.Neil lives in a very sheltered world and does not know a lot about the world beyond his home and coach life. This is evident in one instance in particular when Neil is making an excuse for not going swimming to hide his psoriasis he says, The fact isIve got my period.Mrs tired of(p) helps Neil with his lack of confidence. She is a duchess and owns the house in which Michael and his family stay throughout the summer. While doing this she lives in a dirty caravan at the bottom of the garden with her millions of cats. Mrs pallid proves another one of Mrs Frys stereotypes is utter nonsense, she does not dress as expected not at a ll glamorously but does not seem to be implicated in her appearance in the slightest. McLaverty describes her as being, An old woman in a bottle green cardigan and baggy mouse coloured trousers anda pair of mens trounce gloves. She is a complete contrast to Mrs Fry who likes to be tidy at all times and cannot abide milk bottles at the table. If, with no background info you were asked to choose the duchess between the two of them it is most likely that Mrs Fry would be the one chosen.Mrs Wan, although only meeting Neil briefly, has a large influence on him, which is rather more positive than that of his mothers. She listens to his and seems interested in his opinions and experiences. Most importantly, however, she gives him confidence, the confidence to reveal his psoriasis instead of making excuses to get out of going swimming. She shares her experience of lepers with him this also helps him and boosts his confidence in a big way.The end of the story illustrates very well how M rs Wans advice affects Neil. The closing scene could be taken as a symbol for life. Neil because of his under confidence dabbles in the shallows nervously, meanwhile Michael is out in the deep riding the waves and happily accepting all the challenges thrown at him by the sea wise to(p) he will succeed.The story teaches Neil a lot. He is taught to move out with his mothers domination. Not to worry too much about how other people dig him and that he should not be at all afraid of revealing his psoriasis, not keeping it hidden. He has nothing to be ashamed of and therefore he should not hide away or dabble in the shadows but be sure of himself, confident enough to do what he thinks best not what his mother often wrongly thinks he should do, to be his own person and not a clone of his mother.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): Benefits to Employees

bodily Social Responsibility (CSR) Benefits to Employees collective Social Responsibility (CSR)Your c atomic number 18 doesnt exist in isolated authority making money. Your employees always depend on your business. So customers, suppliers, topical anaesthetic anaesthetic anesthetic partnership all(a) are affected by your business.Corporate fond righteousness (in unawares CSR) is round understanding your business impact on the world and considering how you fucking intent this impact in a positive way or notice considerably control on it. CSR arsehole also be good for your attitude, going beyond to minimum legal requirement for the following straightforward ruler is apply whatever the size of your business.Corporate social responsibility open fire cut across al about everything you do and everyone you deal with. You should think about theThe suppliers those you consider and the way how we deal with them. For example, trading with suppliers those who pollute the enviro nment it could be as irresponsible as doing it so yourself.How we treat our employees. To vex the responsible business, this delegacy doing to a greater extent than childlike observeing with legal requirements.How your business touching local community and whether and how we should be actively involved.How do we affect the environment and what we rouse do to use re writers more efficiently to reduce pollution and fumble.This doesnt mean that you cant run a profitable business. In fact, corporate social responsibility can support you emend your business performance. By looking ahead, youre ready to cope with brisk laws and restrictions. We avoid costs such(prenominal) as wasted energy, paying unnecessary waste fees. In fact near importantly, we can keep winning business by increasingly demanding customers.Corporate social responsibility isnt just about doing the right thing. It means behave responsibly and also dealing with suppliers that do the same. It also offers benefi ts to direct business.Companies so often favour suppliers those who demonstrate responsible policies, as this could have a positive impact on it that how they are perceived by customers.Some customers dont just choose to deal with responsible companies, but insist on it. The Co-operative Groups, for instance, places a strong emphasis on its corporate social responsibility and publishes detailed warts and all bill on its performance on the wide range of criteria from brute welfare to salt levels in its pizzas.Reducing resource use, waste and emissions doesnt just assistant the environment it saves you money too. Its not difficult to cut utility bills and waste disposal costs and you can bring adjacent cash benefits.There are some some other benefits tooGood reputation makes it easier to recruit the employees.Employees could plosive consonant longer by reducing the costs and disruption of recruitment and re- occupying.Employees are more motivated for better productive.Corporate social responsibility helps ensure you comply with regulatory requirements.Activities and involvement with local community are ideal opportunities to generate positive press coverage.Good relationships with local authorities make it easier doing business.By reason the wider impact of business can helps vex in the altogether products and services.Corporate social responsibility can make you more competitive and reduces the risk of sudden trauma to your reputation and sales. Investors whitethorn recognise this and leave be more resulting to finance you.Understanding the environmental impact on businessYour business affects galore(postnominal) dissimilar bulk (employees, customers, suppliers and local community). It also has a wider impact on environment as well.Even the simplest step like energy efficiency measures by switching off lights and equipment when they arent needed, makes a real difference. By reducing the usage of water could also directly cuts your costs.Reducing waste also can make a big difference. Simple step like reducing the amount of the papers you waste could cut costs. You can even save more by planning about waste implications before you design in the buff products and production actiones.Doing Care about the environment can attract more customers too. Mostly customers prefer to do purchasing from responsible companies.There are numerous sorts of ways by you can reduce the environmental impact of business. e.g.making recyclable productssourcing responsibly (For example, victimisation recycled materials and sustainable timber)minimising the packaging for productsbuying locally to save energy/fuel costscreating an efficient and fuel-efficient distribution boodleworkworking with responsible suppliers and distributors who abridge steps to minimise their environmental impactWe could reduce the environmental impact of our business by using environmental techniques assessment like lifecycle assessment and mountain up an environment al circumspection placement. See our guides on environmental assessment techniques an overview and environmental focal point carcasss (EMS) the basics.Dealing responsibly with suppliers and customersBy working with our suppliers and customers in a responsible way our business can reap substantial rewards. guestsWe can affect some actions when dealing with customers areMake sure brochuresare in plain and simple English, telling the truth without hiding anything in the small print.Be honest about your products and services. Tell the customers what they want to know, including all steps you take to be socially responsible.If anything goes wrong, you should acknowledge the problem responsibly and deal with it.In returns you achieve the loyalty of customers in reward. Listening to consumers intentionally can also help you improve the products and services you offer them.SuppliersChoose your suppliers carefully as it is an important part of your approach to corporate social respons ibility. For example, you may try to use local suppliers as many as possible. This helps you support the community and also reduces the waste, energy and carbon emissions from deliveries.When choosing suppliers you should also examine their environmental practices, health and safety and their employment. Customers are refer increasingly about the wider impact of supply chains. Your business reputation can be damaged by being associated with others those abuse the rights of their employees or their local environment. pornographic organisations often audit their suppliers to ensure that they practise the responsible work. You could do something similar simply asking them about their attitudes to corporate social responsibility superpower be revealing.You should treat your suppliers fair way as particularly smaller business rely on you. For example, braceting pay on time could make a big difference to employees.Working with local communityWorking with local community brings you a w ide range of benefits. Local customers are an important source of sales for many businesses. By improving reputation of your business, you will find it easier to recruit the employees. A good relationship with local authorities can help your business run smoother. For example, mostly local authorities prefer to award contracts to businesses with a record of involvement with communities.There are different ways to get involved with local communities. Some businesses choose to support local charities, or sponsor charity/community a local event. It makes a commercial esthesis to get involved in activity related to your product. This will let you use your expertise as well as showing the human see of your business. For example, some restaurants provide intellectual nourishments to local homeless groups, and while builders can set in free labour and materials to community projects.Look for opportunities that will directly benefits you, for example, by publicity, or improvement in nei ghbourhood around your premises.Many businesses involve their employees to work in directly or indirectly with the local communities. For example, you might support the charities elect by employees. Some businesses incite their employees to volunteer for the community activities and also offer them paid time off for the involvement in community activity. As well as by improving your community relationships can help motivating their employees and can help developing their interpersonal and team participation skills.You could also give your employees the option of making regular donations which are deduced at from their pay.Business in the Community (BITC)has developedthe Community Mark standard to help businesses get the most of our community involvement.Communities Justice ProjectThe governments community justice initiative helps businesses work with local agencies to make improvement in the quality of life in their local area. This can benefit the business in different ways. For e xample, if your business suffers because of damage in your property or the surrounding area, the community justice team will work with you to enlargeress this.Your business could take a prominent approach to dealing with local crimes by supporting modern offender or your local community justice team. You couldprovide financial and practical resources to help the local community justice teamget involved with local projectssupport lag who volunteer in the criminal justice system, for example, as mentors, special constables, youth offender panel components, or in victim and witness supportCorporate social responsibility can help you cut costs and boost sales. However, there are some other significant benefits which businesses forget about as they are harder to measure.Identify and measuring indicators of successYou can benchmark business a sort outst others.Some of the UKs largest companies publish corporate social responsibility reports online.You can use observe performance indi cators (KPIs) to measure your environmental performance.The Community Markstandard lets you measure community involvement.Its worth remembering that measurements will probably only show the immediate impact of CSR. The biggest benefit can be the long term improvement in your businesss reputation.Benefits of corporate social responsibilityMake the most of your corporate social responsibility activities by publicising them. Ensure the customers, suppliers and the local community that they know what you are doing. Corporate social responsibility lends itself to bring good news stories.Publicity can be a key part of using corporate social responsibility to in(predicate)ly qualify for contracts. People want to get involve with businesses they respect. Corporate social responsibility can be particularly effective for targeting ethical companies, the public sector and not-for-profit organisations.At the same time, you should see corporate social responsibility as part of a continuing proc ess of building long-term value. Everything and all good steps you do should help improve your businesss reputation and encourage customers tostay involved with you for long time. A business that buys recycled paper, but exploits its customers and ignores the community, has missed the point.You can consider working towards a vigilance standards which you can then use to publicise your ethical, social responsibility or environmental. For example, many businesses have achieved the environmental instruction standard ISO 14001.Images from http//www.carbonfootprint.com/vcs.htmlEffective corporate social responsibility like this helps you last out to differentiate yourself. Even with dozens of competitors, a real commitment to corporate social responsibility lets you stand out.Forexample, John Lewis department storesare well know for a business that owned by its employees.Its commitment to corporate social responsibility feeds done into customer service, sales and profits. As well as affecting the way you behave, corporate social responsibility can lead to new product and service that reflect your values and those of your stakeholders. Over time can add up to powerful instigant and winning business.How a corporate social responsibility initiative benefitted businessThe Venus Company is an award winning discover and a cafe operator with several outlets base in Cornwall and Devonshire. Established in 1995 by Michael Smith, the firm has strong environmental and ethical principles, and sells food that has been produced using local suppliers. And Michael explains how developing corporate social responsibility policies have helped him to run the business successfully.What Michael did to help the environment and support the local communityOur mission is to be the greenest beach shop and cafe operator in the UK, and our attitude to almost every business decision flows from this. For us, CSR covers a number of elements. We support local producers, having spend more than 300,000 on local food and drink from the immediate area around our cafes, and use local businesses for other goods and services. Over 80 per cent of our food and drink comes from Devon and Cornwall.We also work hard to minimise our impact on the environment, from using solar panels to recycling, carrying out regular litter collection and buying non-toxic modify products. Weve also focused on things like packaging to make sure its as biodegradable as possible.One scheme were really proud of is the surface-to-air missile Beach Wildlife Fund, which raises money to educate local schoolchildren about their environment, and we also go into schools to do talks. Any business can engage in the local culture system, and its very rewarding.Build a customer base and attract staffBuilding a positive image of a company that gives back to the community has undoubtedly created a number of business benefits. Over the past couple of years, we have been able to open two of our beach cafes year- round, rather than just through the summer months, as we have built up a loyal, local customer base and trade isnt simply seasonal.Recruitment is another area in which the business has benefited. Many of our staff are young, and they are really keen to work with a company that has a responsible and ethical approach, so attracting good deal to come and work for us has become easier.Generate PRDeveloping our CSR policies has also boosted our profile. Weve won quite a few awards, which have been good for us in PR terms, and weve also been able to use the award logos on our website and van. These have become part of our visual identity that multitude hopefully recognise. Entering awards can be a time commitment, but they can also be a fantastic way to audit and benchmark your business against others.What Id do differentlyRaise sensory faculty about environmental protection earlierId have got involved with the education side of things earlier. I think weve achieved a lot when it comes to teaching local kids how they can look after the environment, but if wed started ten years ago, wed be much further cut back the line by now. here(predicate)s how my business benefited from corporate social responsibility (Flash video)Bailey Partnership, established in 1971, is a progressive multi-disciplinary property and construction consultancy with five offices covering the southward of England. Through their practices as a business, and role within community, they aim to support local causes, foundations, charities, schools, initiatives and people less fortunate than themselves.Here, Chartered Architectural Technologist capital of Minnesota Chapple talks about how par fetching in corporate social responsibility (CSR) work has benefited Bailey Partnership.References Link-www.wikipedia.comhttp//www.carbonfootprint.com/vcs.htmlChange Management in coca sess Case cogitationChange Management in Coca Cola Case StudyAccording to a Greek philosopher Heraclitus there is nothing permanent than transmute. He believed that neuter is the core of universe. This quote describes the importance of managing veer in human as well as organisational life.A structured approach to transfer organization, its people and processes from current state to a desired future state is called deepen worry. This process gives employees the ability to accept changes in the existing environment of the business. Change can be of different token for example, change in technology, operations or strategies etc. company needs to implement individual strategies to cope with each type of change.Organizations need to change and keep up dynamic survival strategies to stay alive in uncertain political, social and economic environment (Hiatt and Creasy, 2003). All environmental factors pose in the nature experience change on continuous basis. Human nature resists change, so managing that resistance requires well planned change concern strategies.This report is aimed at describing the importance of change management for organization its motives and objectives, change management processes, how company can involve all the stakeholders for successful implantation of change management and the strategies that an organization can adopt to implement the successful change.Reasons for adopting changeOrganizations need change for the following reasonsTo respond to the rapidly changing environmentTo improve the overall performance of the companyTo rapidly respond to the customers demandsTo improve the effectiveness and efficiencyTo increase the employee performanceTo create the best practices inside the organization and setting standards for the labourTo improve profitability and return on overall investmentChange management is needed for organizational survival. So the company should adopt to change management techniques in found to of importtain its worth in the industry.Importance of change managementIn a conceive 327 project managers had responded to the question that if you had a take place to do it again, what would you do differently? Most of them responded that we will implement an effective change management program planned way before starting the project. This study highlights the importance of change management in an organizational perspective. Change management moderates the risks that can cause failure (Jeff and Creasey, 2003).The change management processChange management is being studied by the philosophers, researchers and business experts for many years. A number of change management theories, approaches and philosophies are developed by psychologists and management professionals to implement successful change in the organization (Paton and MacCalman, 2008). There are three phases of change management i.e. preparing for change, managing change and reinforcing change. Preparation for change phase includes assessment of change capabilities and efficiency and developing a strategy that fit to those capabilities. Second phase i.e. managing change phase includes processes like planning and implementation of strategies made in the first phase. plump phase which is the reinforcement of change includes the processes like collection and analyzing of feedback data, finding out gaps and coping with determined degree of resistance from inside and outside the organization and taking corrective actions to successfully conclude the change management process (change management learning center, 1996-2011). According to Lewins 3 step model, change is episodic i.e. it can be easily planned into three stagesUnfreezingChangingFreezingManagers at Coca Cola Company can motivate workforce in the unfreezing stage by informing them about the vitality of change being planned in context of organization benefits. Training to the staff members can make them more practiced at accepting the transformational stage.In the changing phase the company can initiate practical steps with regard to the strategical plan for change. It can be achieved by developing strong relationships and offering rewards.Refreezing phase allows Coca Cola alliance to make recently innovated change a part of their strategy so that workforce does not get back to the previously used operational methods of the organization (Robbins and Coulter, 2008).Change managementA case of Coca Cola CorporationCoca Cola is a retailer, marketer and manufacturer of non-alcoholic drinks and is known oecumenic for it coca plant cola beverage. In addition to its coca cola brand, Coca Cola Company offers cholecalciferol beverages and non beverages brands in about two hundred countries. The company was founded by Asa Candler in year 1892. Its headquarter is located in Atlanta, Georgia of United States of America. The company had total net income of approximately 11.8 billion US dollars in year 2010 with total number of employees 139,600 worldwide. Companys brand i.e. Coca Cola stands number one in the list of most well known brands of the world (Coca Cola c ompany, 2006-2011).Coca Cola is a type of company that requires making changes in its products and business strategies according to the consumer expectations and remote environment. Here in this study we would quote different examples from coca cola corporations history and will examine that what were the triggering events for opting the change and what strategies the company developed and implemented in order to successfully going through the transitioning process.The need for change in an organization is often created by external and versed factors, where external ones encompass governmental laws, labor markets, market conditions, economin scenario etc. and midland factors are the workforce, resources, attitudes of workers and strategy adopted by the organization (Robbins and Coulter, 2008). Coca Cola Corporation is among one of the oldest corporations of the world. It has gone through many internal and external changes since it has been in existence. The company has used techn iques of change management in order to survive from the consequences of those events.The company has faced a lot of external changes, for example in world war II, the company was able to manage its existing position at that time and also entered in many new markets and discovered new niches (Coca Cola company, 2006-2011). The company also provided free drinks to soldiers which were the part of its strategy to become a patriotic symbol for the people of the country. Also it boosted the sales, so the company achieved two objectives by carefully planning to respond to that external environmental change. The plants developed by the company in war era helped its magnification after the war.Barton et al (2002) reported that Coca Cola Corporation adopted acquisition strategy in time of Asian financial crisis. The company acquired bottling, cocoa and tea shop businesses in Korea and Malaysia. Beverage is a type of industry where tastes and preferences of the consumers change on continuous basis. Coca Cola Company also responded to such consumer changing behaviors in an effective way by developing new products like Diet Coke and Coca Cola Zero. The company also connected a marketing blender when a rival company launched a black beverage with comparatively sweet and smooth taste. The product was named as new Coke. But the sales gradually went down and company faced severe consumer critics and protests. The company managed this situation very commendably by restoring the old formula and naming the bottleful as diet coke (Kotler and Armstrong, 2010). As people are becoming more health conscious and willing to invest on health based products, coca cola is developing juices and various energy drinks as well. This shows the companys strategy to responding varying consumer tastes and expectations and changing itself according to it.The coco cola company used possibleness of organization change presented by Kotler (1996) which elaborated the procedure to manage change on the people dimension of the organization. In addition to making operational and strategic changes, the company also changed its advertising strategy by targeting various groups of consumers like American consumers, African consumers, Middle and far eastern consumers and European consumers. The company adapted the packaging of its coca cola brand and developed more product lines and broadened them globally (The Coca-Cola company case. n.d.).The present condition of Coca cola Company worldwide is very good. The company is selling its beverages throughout the world successfully. But in some countries, coca cola stores are not as according to the companys main marketing, inventory and efficiency theme. The company is planning to align its performance standards according to its own corporate culture and strategies with the help of a comprehensive change management plan. These changes will be implemented within the business operations and management of the company.Change Management at Coc a ColaOrganizational change might be referred to as any change brought about in structure technology or people of an organization. Change in structure is maintaining the span of control, specifying different work roles, redesigning job scenarios etc. Change in technology could be an introduction to new innovative methods for improving the products quality launched by the organization. While change in people is to bring about alterations in the way people think and act. It means to modify their behavior towards the betterment of organization (Robbins and Coulter, 2008, p.364).Employee trothThe recent change management at coca cola is directed towards the intrinsic values and motivations of the employees and can be referred to as employee engagement. The change management process, together with internal branding programs is expected to bring about ideal behaviors in employees, which would align the operations of coca cola worldwide, and bring about efficiency throughout coca cola acr oss all its business segments.Coca cola hopes to bring about a thoroughly mix ind system of communications, and focus on creating brand relationships with their employees. This would enhance the operations of Coca cola, as an integrated approach would mean all employees believe in engaging fully in the values, and this would become an underlying part of the employees at a personal level. Coca-cola is actively seeking to incorporate the change into its company for building capability in engagement, maintaining engagement momentum and ensuring that engagement is integrated into CCRs people practices (Samdahl,2011). For this purpose, employee engagement surveys are conducted twice every year for all the coca cola associates, which serve to highlight the areas where action is required, and further actions and implementations can henceforth be executed.Coca-cola believes that their business results hinge on the dedication of their employees to operational excellence. The company truly recognizes the importance of the people to the business, and knows that to continue to bring about horrifying results it is bringing in, employees throughout the world should believe in the values intrinsically, and therefore the employee engagement is being focused on all the countries the company serves to align, thoroughly integrate and align the company so that operational efficiency can be achieved.Importance of change to coca colaEmployee engagement is very significant to all segments of operations at coca-cola and has translated into performance in areas where employee engagement is higher.For coca-cola, an engaged workforce meansA more committed workforceEmployee performance aligned with organizational objectivesEmployees have a clear idea of what is expected of them and what are the deliverablesCustomer experience focuses an inherent part of employees values, who strives to provide a better experience to the customers. Customer focus was identified as a central tenant of t he multi-year engagement strategy to be implemented in 2011(Gee,2011)When employees are aligned with company goals, they themselves adopt a proactive approach towards issues such as waste eliminationEmployees awareness gives them a voice which helps to influence legislations at local levelsAn integrated system of communication is very helpful in the volatile and dynamic markets of today, where conditions change very often and the company has to be responsive at all clockTherefore, for all the business segment of coca-cola wherever they are located across the world, the change towards employee engagement is justified if they have to reap the fruits gained by an effective system of integration.Ensuring the Involvement of Required StakeholdersCoca Cola Company can use two change management tools to make sure that all people who are required to be the part of change management process. These tools are Force Field analysis and AKADAR model. Force field analysis is a technique developed by Kurt Lewin to scrutinize the forces that are causing an opposition to change process (Bass, 2009). By doing Force Field Analysis, Coca Cola Company will be able to induct people who are in need of appropriate training. Another useful tool is AKADAR model which stands for Awareness, Desire, Knowledge, Ability and Reinforcement. Through AKDAR model, firm creates awareness about the need of change, generate desire in the people to help in transitioning process, give knowledge to the people that how they can help the change process, develop an ability in the people to go through the change and provide them with continuous reinforcement to withstand the change (CMLR, 2011).Ensuring that change is successfulSome considerations that will facilitate the change management process includeproductive and consequential dialogues and talks with employee representativesOnline and paper surveys from all the stakeholders involved in the change throughout the world, and with associates to gain an insight on their perceptionsEffective communication at this stage for informing the stakeholders the reasons for change and the benefits it would bringOvercoming the inertia by taking all stakeholders in confidence. The surveys can serve as a pre requisite to gain an insight on the stakeholder perspectiveDetails of the action planning process communicated to all those who would initiate the changeRecommendations for Coca Cola CompanyIn the volatile dynamics with which companies operate today, change is inevitable. Therefore, the focus should not be on avoiding change, rather bringing about a smooth transition towards the new change by communicating about the change, and ensuring all parties of the change that it is for the best of all those involved. To successfully implement organizational change of any nature, a specific regards to organizational structure, design, culture, management and leadership is required to see whether the change would make a best fit with the organization al goals and objectives. premiere of all the company should ascertain the core problems exist in the company for the change management. The company may develop a change management program for responding to financially uncertain environment of the world. It can also develop change management programs for better operations and logistics. The company can introduce new procedures and technological systems to carry out operations. Programs can be introduced in forms changing companys mission and corporate culture enhancements. For all that, the most essential thing is to train upper management to provide them with specific skills necessary to effectively going through the transitioning process. Following is the brief expression of plans that the company can adopt.Systems opinionSystems thinking can be used to guide the successful change in the organization. The model is based on an integrative and interactive open system which consists of the variables, attributes, internal relations an d environment. The system is based on characteristics like wholeness, interdependence, chain of influence, need for offset and adaptability etc in an open system where communication is seen as an integrated process that facilitates change within the organization.Several system characteristics are wholeness and interdependence (the whole is more than the sum of all parts), correlations, perceiving causes, chain of influence, hierarchy, supra-systems and subsystems, self-regulation and control, goal-oriented interchange with the environment, inputs/outputs, the need for balance/homeostasis, change and adaptability (morphogenesis) and equifinality there are various ways to achieve goals. Different types of networks are line, commune, hierarchy and dictator networks. Communication in this perspective can be seen as an integrated process not as an isolated event.Establishing new structureIt is a well known fact that Coca Cola Corporation was an entrepreneurial venture started by one pe rson who bought the formula from another firm and laid foundations of that beverages manufacturing firm. Current structure of the coca cola company is simple with minimal labor and management division. New system that can be adopted by the company may be the machine bureaucracy which enthalpy Mintzberg (1992) defined as an organization with clearly defined hierarchy, well defined area of operations, standard operating procedures, proper rules and regulations, well division of labor, formal relationships among the member of organization, centralized decision making, technical competence and standardization of work.Reducing employee defianceOpposition of change is a common human behavior. Particularly, in the workplace people resist the change in organizational culture, structure and policies. But in order to successfully and effectively implement the change management program, it is important for Coca Cola Company that it should develop strategies to reduce employee defiance to chang e. Kotter and Schlesinger (1979) explained six strategies which can be useful for coca cola Company in employee defiance management.First strategy is to involve the employee in change process and make them participate as far as they can.Second strategy is to communicate the change management programs to the people effectively to educate them about the benefits the programs would bring. This will make them comfortable in adopting the change.Third strategy is negotiation and agreement. The company should create a consensus on important change issues and with the agreement of all important stakeholders it should launch the change management program. The resistance level will be zero on change programs that are being launched with the mutual agreement of all relevant stakeholders.Fourth strategy is that to support the employees who are due to some disability or unrestrained or psychological issue or some other threat unable to adapt to the change. If the company develops proper channel for such people, they would adjust gradually to the change management program.In case of failure of above mentioned four strategies, company can manipulate the employees by calling union leader other than relevant ones as fifth strategy.Sixth strategy is to force the employees with articulate or non-articulate methods but this is not a very good approach.ConclusionTo conclude, it may be said that communication can be a key element to successful change management. Communicate the changes to the employees tell them why the change was inevitable and how they will benefit from the change. The management should itself adopt a positive attitude towards the change so that employees can follow their lead and welcome the change. Coca-cola as a company has a heritage of embracing change rather than resist it and it should translate into their future endeavors towards change management to ensure that the organization is best equanimous to market under all sorts of environmental conditions.

Advantages of organizational behaviour in an organization

Advantages of systemal behaviour in an shapingIntroductionManagement deals with people, their ideas and things colligate to them. In a simple form focal point potbelly be defined as the art of things getting d oneness by with(predicate) people in convocations organized formally 8.Management is the crop where groups of people be get hold ofd in slaying of organized activities. In an organization with a large public figure of employees the play of management directs the managers to perform some functions such as planning, staffing, controlling, organizing and directing to get things done by others.Organizational behavior smoke be employ to improve the management practices for influencing the employees effectively and piece of pissing with them. Management is the get a line to obtaining organizational effectiveness. Organizational effectiveness depends on meeting the rapid changing requirements of the organization such as having the right people for the right job a nd at the right sequence. It helps escort the production and behavioral control in an organization.The study of organizational behavior in an organization has the following advantagesIt helps to expand the horizon of management.It helps improve the organizational mental process in business organization with the individual exercise which include reward systems, lead, motif etc.,It helps develop commission among the employees to achieve their somebodyal goals on that pointby achieving the goals of the company.It helps to understand, predict and control the behavior in the organization.There atomic number 18 numerous factors that determine the successful performance in an organization, but for our discussion we will consider few important factors which are as followsRecruitment and SelectionTraining and developmentReward through proper Performance Appraisal SystemEffective Communication SkillsDeveloping Dedication by Motivating employeesAlso, there are many factors that con tribute to the changing nature of work at organization, but the twain main factors areCurrent market scenario requires organizations to be much competitive and customer focused, hence there is an increased pressure on the organizationThe breakthrough in IT and communicating is another factor. For example mobile and internet induct made work to be separated from time and space.Organizations consecrate changed their focus and their main principles areDefining vision and determine from the consumers locationCreating a value chain i.e., defining activities and shape that add value to customers and link themRemove activities that add no value to the organization.Reducing inefficiencies in the tasks in an organization.These principles lose added value to the organization enabling them to answer rapidly to customers leases and supporting change and encouraging innovation. I would also be discussing the various changes in the nature of modern work environs pertinent to the fact ors Ive stated above.Recruitment and Selection5Recruitment is process in which a qualified and desirable person is selected for a job in a company. The recruitment process is the responsibility of the HR department and various methods are available for this process such as interviews, aptitude test, apparent movementnaires etc., It is a forming microscope spirit level and is the just about difficult variant for the managers.Let us consider the recruitment and selection process at Tesco. There are different ways through which Tesco advertises its va give the gatecies. It first advertises its vacancy internally through intranet for two weeks. This provides an opportunity for the current employees looking for a change at the same level or for a promotion.Tesco advertises its vacancies on the web at www.tesco-careers.com for external recruitment. It also displays vacancy boards on its stores. For managerial positions the applications are made online. The applicants chosen will ma ke to first undergo an interview and for the final stage they will have attendance at the assessment centre. A waiting list of applicants is prepared by the stores and as the jobs become available candi projects are finalized. specializer jobs as bakers and pharmacists are advertised externally through the following meansThrough the web and offline mediaThrough television and radioThrough advertisements in virginspapers and magazines.As many other companies Tesco also looks forward for cost- effective way of attracting applicants. Though advertising on media and magazines is expensive but sometimes this becomes essential to attract suitable people for the vacancy.Selection can be defines as selecting the most suitable person from the list of candidates who have applied for the vacancy taking into consideration the laws and regulations of employment. cover is an important part of the selection process and ensures that the selected candidates for the interview will be surmount suit ed for the job.There are different stages in the screening process. In the first stage, the selectors at Tesco look through the CVs of the applicants as this briefs the candidates education and job history. A CV helps to assess whether the candidate meets the specification for the job.Screening is followed by the candidate who attends the assessment centre. This process takes place either in store and are run by managers. The candidates are assessed through various exercises such as team work and problem solving. This also provides consistency in the selection process.In the modern work environment, the selection and recruitment process has become more sophisticated and detailed to opt for the best knowledge and skills in the market. The number of screening processes that organizations hold to select the right candidates has increased and also the type of tests have become more radical in their approach. Tests such as psychological evaluation and stress interviews are a common prac tice in todays work environment.Training and DevelopmentTraining is actually essential for the newly recruited employees. It is also very essential for the employees already employed so that their skills are up to date and in line with the latest trends and technologies. Training is becoming an essential part of every organization these days. Employees are made to undergo training programs in position to maximize their potential to meet organization goals.Lets us consider Barclays for our case study here. Training is a very crucial task for the Human alternative department at Barclays. The main condition for this being the induction program helps employees understand the various policies and the structure of their jobs. This will also give employees enough time to adjust themselves to the environment in the organization together with inducing new ideas and skills in the employees. Training is the most difficult and challenging part in the organization as it is a continuous proce ss where the flight simulator acting as a change agent makes trainees get familiar with the new organization.The following are the main training aims at BarclayIt helps to increase the level of confidence and motivation in employeesIt creates a feeling of achievement and personal satisfactionImproves the quality of staff and improves their skills.The above are the contributing factors that the help the HR achieve their goal of making the employees feel a part of the organization.Selecting a suitable a trainer is a very challenging issue as he a middleman between the employees and the organization. The trainer has the following responsibilities.The trainer must assess the compulsion for training the individual and hatful up a training program for the employee in order to reach the ultimate goal of the organization.He must instauration the training program.The most important task at Barclays Plc is group participation. Hence the main aim of the trainer would be to encourage this ta sk.The trainer acts as a messenger between the employees and the management.The trainer must make sure that the newly learned skills are being practically applied.He will decide the need for further training on the basis of the current performance appraisal.In the modern work environment employees are keener on keeping themselves in impression with the latest technological development. They always pick up skills and enhance their knowledge quotient so as to face the growing competition in the current work environment. Therefore employing training and development schemes would be easier and would improve the overall quality of the workforce.Performance Appraisal and Reward SystemPerformance appraisal is a process where performance of an employee is assessed in terms of expected goals curry for them. On the basis of performance appraisal the company decides promotions, terminations, the level of supervision and the duties and responsibilities to be assigned to the employees. During the phase of performance appraisal the actual performance of the employees is assessed and evaluated. The HRM is responsible for the performance appraisal and it is its duty to pass the info accurately and impartially to the management so that requirement and proximo corrective measures can be taken. The HRM faces the following issues during performance appraisalRecognition and identification of an employees strengths and weaknesses. This will help to utilize the strengths more effectively and the indispensable steps to be taken to overcome the individuals weakness.In certain cases employees should be disposed full effort, hence the HRM should identify the problems which are causing this. This also provides information needed for HR planning and act as an input to the HR department. This acts as a basis to make finalitys such as strategies and future want term objectives.It is the duty of the human resource management to create a method of performance appraisal and system of reward. The method created should be in line with the objectives of training and development program. Defined standards should be set to measure performance. The HRM should decide who will be using the appraisal method and appraised by the method created. The HRM should ruck up feedback from the employees about the appraisal method created, this will act as source of boosting the employees morale. This will help the employees assess their strengths and weakness. This will further encourage the employees to do ameliorate to get a reward from the organization. Employees in the organization try to do tasks that will not alone get them rewards in the form of bonuses and incentives but mention in form of certificates and medals and also appraisal for doing something new and innovative. This will help cause the employees.In the case of Barclays the reward system is very important as this will help influence the employees to do something better and innovative. The reward system ultimat ely acts as a motivational factor for growth in future and is not an late task. As this depends on the responsibility and the type of job being done.7If the performance management system is holdled carefully and properly, leads to outstanding performance by employees and increases the level of motivation decreasing the absenteeism lack of morale of employees.Performance appraisal and reward schemes are vital in todays work environment because employees today are more influenced by the corporate lifestyle and are always in the lookout for better job opportunities and hiked salaries. Therefore it is essential for organizations to keep their employees loyal towards them, and the easiest and most effective way of doing it is performance appraisal and reward schemes.Effective Communication SkillsEffective discourse is nothing but an art of conveying our message all the way to other people. It involves a lot of effort for effective communication as any error or distortion will result in misinterpretation of message. Lack of effective communication whitethorn result in lack of information, misunderstandings, employee performance whitethorn decrease which whitethorn ultimately affect the companys turnover. Ineffective communication may become a source of conflict and frustrate the employees. The managers inability to communicate effectively may lead to the inability of employee not performing soundly as per the company demands. This happens when the employee is not aware of what is requested of him and ultimately leads employee dissatisfaction.Effective communication has its own benefits in the workplace. Effective communication from managers to employees will result in the employees doing their job well. A good management style together with a positive communication approach will be quite effective in the workplace and will lead to better understanding between the employee and manager.For an organization to be successful communication should happen both intern ally and externally.Internal communication between management and employees.External communication this takes place between staff and clients.Let us consider Vodafone as a case study to gild the effective communication skills3Internal Communication2 this takes place inside the organization between the employees and management. Here the employees act as stakeholders. This communication may take place in any of the forms listed belowVertically this the top down approach which happens from the senior employees to juniors associates. The ultimate goal here is to improve the performance of tasks and make the junior employees understand the companys priorities and requirements.Horizontally this takes places between various teams and across departments. The goal here is to make sure roles are effectively carried out and tasks completed.Intranet with restricted access to people deep down the business is a great tool for promoting better communication.External communication1 this takes pla ce with customers. Vodafone has laid a principle for communication as We will communicate openly and transparently with all of our stakeholders within the bounds of commercial confidentiality. Vodafone believes that this will reduce the barriers to communication. It makes sure that its messages are conveyed both communicatoryly and non verbally.For verbal communication the company has set contact centers so that the staff can be in direct contact with the customers and further giving an opportunity for its staff to talk to the customers about the issues.Non verbal communication can take place through various methods such as advertisements in television, newspapers and other media, the Vodafone logo. This also acts as a method of determine the position of the brand. Further methods of non verbal communication include SMS to contact certain customers. Sales information can be reached out to customers through literature in the Vodafone shops.The many forms of communication through whi ch Vodafone reaches out to its customers are as belowPromotion and sales material- Vodafone makes sure that the advertising material is correct and follows its Business principles. This also helps the information reaches out responsibly to its stakeholders together with promoting its products and services.Awareness and Information Vodafone promoted the use of mobile phones responsibly in the cars. It took the complex material and translated the information in easy to understand form and made the public aware of the new law and appropriate use of phones in the car.Explanation and guidance mobile phones have wellness effects on human beings. But the latest scientific research has something new and Vodafone needs to convey these findings clearly to the customers.Communication in todays work environment is not only if important as a means of better process flow but also as a means to make for all the employees together as a single unit. This is really beneficial when the employees hav e to work in a team environment. In todays work environment, employees have access to social network websites which are capable to increase the bond between employees and improve their effort as a team.Motivation to dedicate EmployeesA well motivated staff is a key to a productive and pleasant environment in a workplace. Motivating the employees must be one of the key responsibilities of a manager. An effective management and leadership reflect through effective motivation of employees in the workplace. Understanding the human nature is a key to effective employee motivation.The key to performance improvement in an organization is motivation. Motivation is very essential for any business to survive and excel. Motivation is a skill and must be learnt. Performance can be defined as a function of ability and motivation as belowJob performance= function (ability)(motivation)Ability depends on education and training. Motivation has the following seven strategies through which it can be i nitiatedFair treatment of peoplePositive and high school expectationsDisciplineSatisfying the needs of the employeesSetting goals at workTo restructure the jobsSet rewards and recognition for performanceEvery organization has its own ways to motivate the employees to ensure that goals and targets are reached 4.Motivation plays a vital role in todays work environment. Due to the cut-throat competition between organizations, it can be seen as a common practice for organizations to hire their rivals best workforce. So as to avoid that, employees need to be motivated not only in terms of their incentives and profit packages for their physical needs, but also with praise and recognition and better work environment to ease their psychological needs.Obstacles to Effective PerformanceThe main obstacles to effective performance in an organization are as followsCultureChangeConflictCultureCulture is related to beliefs, values and customary ways of doing things. The main reason for employees leaving the company is cultural mismatch. According to the present subtlety employees are required to have a clear understanding of short term and immense term goals. The employees are required to have a shared vision and values as well as being productive and motivated.The organizational culture is determined by the leadership style and practices in an organization and hence plays an important role especially during acquisitions and mergers. Every organization has a set of values and beliefs. When an employee is exposed to a new culture, the individual goes through a state known as culture shock. When the companies merge the employees from the non dominant company need to oblige themselves to the new culture of the dominant company.Let us consider Barclay Plc for instance. Barclay acquired Lehman Brothers and one of the major issues for Barclay after this acquisition is to take into consideration the two different cultures in these two companies. Most of the employees of Lehman B rothers have left Barclay and a few did not join Barclay. This makes it clear that the employees are not ready to adapt to the new values, leadership styles, beliefs and practices of the Barclay culture. One of the biggest challenges to the management at Barclay is to make employees accept the new culture. The change in culture ultimately has an effect on the motivation level of the employees, their commitment to the organization and their engagement in work. Another consequence of an acquisition is that the individuals from the non dominant organization will feel like loss of identity and the others will have a superior feeling. This will ultimately affect the company achieve its goals and objectives.Another major issue of culture when the two organizations were merged is it will distinguish the attention of the employees and make the less productive. The attention of employees will be diverted to issues such as job security , feeling of discomfort working with new employees. Job security is the main issue as there will be duplication of departments and to manage the staff, the organization can reduce the manpower.The job profiles may be redesigned which may have an impact on the performance of the employees. The employees motivation, attitude and performance are determined by the culture. Motivation and culture go hand in hand. More an employee is motivated the culture will be healthier. The key factor to be dealt in any organization is motivation. If an employee is not motivated properly then the employee will have problem accepting the new culture which will impact the individuals ability to do the job effectively and efficiently. The company should have flexible culture if a decision of acquisition is taken. This will allow the new employees to adjust to the new culture.Culture reflects the style of management and leadership. A smooth change in the values, leadership style and ideas will help the new employees adjust to the new environment. This is not easy task, but since Barclays has taken a decision of merger it should be ready to consider changes in its culture and leadership style.ChangeExcept for change nothing is constant in this world. Every employment in an organization results in some change. It can have a positive or negative effect depending on the communication made through change. The acquisition of Barclay and Lehman Brothers bought together a huge change in both organizations. New strategies and policies, procedures and work environment were created for work in both organizations. Change should involve people and not be imposed on people.Preparing the employees of an organization for change is a very vital task and it is the responsibility of the management to do this. This can be done through various methods such as through oral communication, via training programs or through counseling. The major reason for the Lehman employees leaving Barclays when the two organizations were merged is that the change was not ma naged properly.The key principles needed when planning to manage change are as followsEvery person reacts to change differently.Each person is different and has its own perceptions and preferences. A few people always look forward to change and new things and it easy to handle them. But it is a very difficult to handle people who always like things the way they were. These kind of people will experience stress and dissatisfaction and negative attitude towards their counterparts preferences.Every person has his own needs and prioritiesA few people work just for money but a few for the self and social identification. Change can be managed effectively by designing jobs in a better way through job redesign, job rotation management etc.Managing expectations realisticallyThe organization should make clear to its employees that it cannot make everyone happy at the same time and this should be communicated effectively and realistically. The relation between expectations and reality is very important.The management should do the tasks listed below in order to manage change effectivelyThe management should inspire people and set certain objectives, goals and values for the organizationIt should set up a communication network such as face to face interaction so that new ideas and policies can be easily communicated. If there are any obstacles in the way of communication then those should be removed as this will help people accept change.Change can be made inevitable by promotions, recruitments and rewards.ConflictsWhen Barclays merges with Lehman conflicts were natural to arise as people from two different cultures and two different companies were merging. Starting with small disputes, conflicts may reach to higher levels which will ultimately affect the organization. Since the culture of both organizations is different each will have its own ideas, strategies, perspectives and goals.The different types of conflict that may arise when people of two different cultures mer ge are as followsConflict with bossSince the manager has a more experience and bigger perspective it will not be good to encounter conflict with the boss. In order to avoid such a conflict it is better not to question his authority and any ideas and views should be presented in the form of suggestions.Conflict with colleaguesDifferent point of view will lead to conflict between employees. This can be done resolved through proper communication.Conflicts with the subordinatesConflicts can be handles effectively by one of the following waysEach person should be given freedom to express their views.Conflicts can be sorted to a greater level by identifying positive minded people.Not everyone may have a broad vision as ours. So communicating and discussing our vision will help keep conflicts away.ConclusionThe base of any organization depends on the policy, the values, the vision, the philosophy and goals set by the management. These act as the driving force for the organizational cultur e. Culture in a workplace determines the leadership style, the type of communication and group dynamics within the organization. The employees in the organization perceive the culture as a quality essential at work which has an impact on the story of the employees motivation. This ultimately affects the performance, personal growth and self development which ultimately affect the organization from achieving its goals.The above discussed concepts such as communication, motivation, culture etc, make up only a small part of the theories of organizational behavior and theory. The success of any organization is determined by the application of the concepts of organizational behavior in the organization.The best way to handle conflicts in a workplace is to address them through discussions and debates. Conflict can have a positive effect within the organization if it is addressed effectively. A successful manager is one who takes time to address and deal with the conflict. This in turn wi ll lead to a healthy and various work environment.

The China-US Economic Relationship

The china-US Economic Relationshipmainland China and the United States, as the two largest economy groups in todays world who own more than 30 percent of the worlds GDP, pack the ability to decide and change the destiny of world economy.The United States has been dominating the worlds economy for a long time as the only superpower afterwards World War II. It has the most powerful currency, US-dollar. The US dollar is the worlds main reserve currency and settlement currency. Most of the oil trading is done by USD, and USD is the only currency that links to gold. The worlds new-star of economy, China, rose since the ending of hold water-place century. China has surpassed Japan and become the second largest economy of the world in 2010, two eld after its achievement of becoming the largest holder of U.S. debt in September 2008. It is now the largest goods producer of the world, and also a hypo-power in East Asia. The financial crisis last during last four years has proved that it is unsafe to let only one country determine how the world economy should go. China and the U.S. should be working unneurotic to ensure the stability of world economy.The relationship between the United States and China is strong, and they are all depending on each other. Chinese goods are demanding greatly by U.S. customers because of its low prices. As the result of the global financial crisis, the U.S. had to lower the value of its debt to due to the bad economy, but this also reserve the relationship between China and U.S. became unstable. Economists suggest that the relationship has contributed a cluster to both countries. In 2010, the U.S. goods wad relation with China hit a record high of $273.1 billion. (Roya and Christopher)China as a large but not well-developed country, while rich in labor and resource but lack of capital and the technological capacity, seeks foreign investment funds and technologies to help its development. US nonplus the most advanced technologies i n the world and a large capital flow in the market. The US and China was course a perfect match. US can provide the financial and tech support in exchange for Chinas cheap products and resources. Both sides have welfareed in this arrangement.For China, the benefit is not only in the direct investments made by American companies and firms, but also in the massive amount of daily products that are exchange to most American people. The growth of Chinas economy is majorly from exporting. For Chinas rising in last thirty years, it is fair to say that the U.S. has played an important role and contributed a lot through trade. From 3% in 1990, the imports from China has grown dramatically for the U.S., 19.1% of U.S. imports in 2010 were from China. And automatically, China became indispensable as an import source for the U.S, from eighth in 1990, to quartern in 2000, to second in 2004-2006, and then to the first in 2007-2012 (Morrison). Chinese trade has grown tremendously, from $20.6 bill ion and 0.8% of the world total in 1978 to $2.97 trillion and closely 7.8% in 2010. Compare to Germany, Japan, and the United States, China has abundant advantages on its low-cost labor, growing technology and undervalued currency. These advantages let Chinese goods have much lower prices than the others. That is the antecedent why China became the worlds largest manufactured goods exporter. (Brown) As for US, the benefit is obvious. Chinas relative low-cost advantage makes it focusing on producing labor-intensive goods, and thanks to the vast, seemingly unlimited Chinese work force, people in US can purchase Chinese made shirt for a fraction of the price of a US made shirt at a relatively same quality, and its not only the shirts, its almost everything. And for most American companies it was good too. Many companies can benefit from the huge Chinese labor force and Chinese markets.U.S. imports of low-cost goods from China greatly benefit U.S. consumers, and U.S. firms that use C hina as the final point of assembly for their products, or use Chinese-made inputs for production in the United States, are able to lower costs and become more globally competitive. (Morrison)All in all, it would seem the like a win-win for both China and America.While China is getting many jobs from companies from United States, U.S has been experiencing high unemployment rate for years. There are voices from some of the media or flat politicians claim that outsourcing to China is one of the major causes for high employment. But in fact, outsourcing actually sustains American jobs in a long run (Zhu). This can be illustrated by a simple example. If China can make a cell more cheaply, it makes more sense to import cellphone from China than make it domestically. Such transaction actually is good for both sides, brings real incomes, with added growth in the exporting country, and lower prices in the importing country (Economist). When the price of cellphone becomes cheaper, there w ill be more people can afford them than before, which is good for the market. Consequently, more cellphone related jobs such as maintenance and communication services are reachd. Therefore, more free trade between China and the U.S. can increase jobs instead of decreasing them (Yi). By analyzing trade and industry data, statisticians have discovered some fact. They find that job dislocation is not majorly because of outsourcing and offshoring in the manufacturing and service. They find the real causes of job losses were weak domestic demand, rapid productiveness growth, and the dollars strength which dampened U.S. exports (Baily and Lawrence). U.S. consumers has greatly benefited from importing low price goods from China, their purchasing power has been increased. This also helped the United States maintain at a low inflation rate. Actually, trade with China has helped directly or indirectly to create jobs in the United States, and this is much more important.The U.S. merchandise trade deficit has increased from $1.7 billion in 1986 to $295 billion in 2011 (US nose count Bureau), because U.S. imports from China have risen much faster than U.S. exports to China. The U.S. trade deficit with China has kept growing rapidly during the last quarter century. At present, trade imbalance is huge between China and U.S, 43% of the U.S. trade deficit is accounted for by China. And it is one of the major concerns in U.S. China relation. The U.S. deficit with China is the major part of U.S deficit.It was larger than the combined U.S. trade deficits with the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), the 27 nations that make up the European northern (EU27), and the 10 nations that make up the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). (Morrison)The connection between China and U.S will be even stronger in the future. They will last out to benefit from each other. They are both the most important market to each other. Trades between these two countri es will increase even more and create more great opportunities for businesses in both countries. As the two strongest economic powers in the world, if China and U.S keep the win-win strategy, they can ensure the growth of global economy. clobber CitiedBaily, M. N. and Lawrence, R. Z., Dont blame trade for US job losses. The McKinseyQuarterly, Issue 1. 2005. Web. 9 Nov. 2012Brown, A.S., Manufacturing at the crossroads. Me-Magazine., 2010. Web. 13 Nov.2012Karabell, Zachary. Can an Eagle Hug a Panda? Time. Nov. 30, 2009. Web. 1 Nov. 2012U.S. Census Bureau. 2011. Web. 8 Nov. 2012Wu Yi. WSJ Its Win-Win on U.S.-China Trade. Council on Foreign Relations. May 17, 2007. Web. 11 Nov. 2012Wolverson, Roya, and Alessi, Christopher. Confronting U.S.-China Economic Imbalances. Council on Foreign Relations. November 2, 2011. Web. 11 Nov. 2012Zhu, Zhi Qun. China and the United States Learning to Live Together. total for World Dialogue . Spring 2007. Web. 7 Nov. 2012

A Brief History of Lawrence Ferlinghetti :: Writers Poetry Poets Essays

A Brief History of Lawrence FerlinghettiA prominent voice of the wide-open poetry causa that began in the1950s, Lawrence Ferlinghetti has written poetry, translation, fiction,theater, art criticism, film narration, and essays. a good deal concernedwith politics and social issues, Ferlinghettis poetry countered theliterary elites definition of art and the artists role in the world.Though imbued with the commonplace, his poetry cannot be simply exposit as polemic or personal protest, for it stands on hiscraftsmanship, thematics, and grounding intradition. Ferlinghetti was born in Yonkers in 1919, son of Carlo Ferlinghettiwho was from the province of Brescia and Clemence AlbertineMendes-Monsanto. Following his undergraduate geezerhood at the Universityof North Carolina at Chapel Hill, he served in the U.S. Navy in WorldWar II as a ships commander. He authoritative a Masters degree fromColumbia University in 1947 and a Doctorate de lUniversit de Paris(Sorbonne) in 1950. From 1951 to 1953, when he settled in SanFrancisco, he taught French in an adult education program, painted,and wrote art criticism. In 1953, with Peter D. Martin, he foundedmetropolis Lights Bookstore, the first all-paperbound bookshop in thecountry, and by 1955 he had launched the urban center Lights publishing house.The bookstore has served for half a century as a meeting place forwriters, artists, and intellectuals. City Lights Publishers began withthe Pocket Poets Series, through which Ferlinghetti aimed to create aninternational, dissident ferment. His upshot of Allen GinsbergsHowl in 1956 led to his arrest on obscenity charges, and the trialthat followed drew national attention to the San Francisco Renaissanceand Beat movement writers. (He was overwhelmingly supported byprestigious literary and academic figures, and was acquitted.) Thislandmark First Amendment case established a legal precedent for thepublication of controversial accomplishment with redeeming social importance.Ferlingh ettis paintings have been shown at various galleries aroundthe world, from the Butler Museum of American Painting to Il Palazzodelle Esposizioni in Rome. He has been associated with theinternational Fluxus movement through the Archivio Francesco Conz inVerona. He has toured Italy, giving poetry readings in Roma, Napoli,Bologna, Firenze, Milano, Verona, Brescia, Cagliari, Torino, Venezia,and Sicilia. He won the Premio Taormino in 1973, and since then hasbeen awarded the Premio Camaiore, the Premio Flaiano, the PremioCavour. among others. He is published in Italy by Oscar Mondadori,City Lights Italia, and Minimum Fax. He was instrumental in arrangingextensive poetry tours in Italy produced by City Lights Italia inFirenze. He has translated from the Italian Pier Paolo Pasolins PoemiRomani, which is published by City Lights Books. In San Francisco, hiswork can regularly be seen at the George Krevsky Gallery at 77 Geary

Hamlet: Nature of Truth Essay -- GCSE Coursework Shakespeare Hamlet

Hamlet Nature of Truth Hamlet To some, loyalty is something that is absolute and unchanging. To others, fairness is volatile and inconstant. In the sixteenth and 17th century, the foundations of civilization itself had been shaken. Many of the ideas which were thought to be absolutely true had been plunged into the depths of uncertainty. The cosmological, geographical, and religious transformations called into question the nature of truth itself. It is no wonder, then, that some of the great writers at the time included within their works a treatise on the ways in which truth is constructed. Because of the major ideological revolutions that shaped his world Shakespeare used characters and internal representation devices to create their own ideas on the construction of truth. Shakespeare agrees that each individual must search for his or her conception of the truth, based upon our his or her current acquaintance, but he uses the limitations of the stage itself to demonstrate th is idea. When Ophelia dies at the end of Act IV, Gertrude gives Laertes a vivid description of Ophelias death, but this death is never acted on stage. We never know for veritable whether Gertrude is telling the truth, and if she was a witness to the death, why she didnt try to save Ophelia. The fact that we only hear about the death calls into question the validity of the transmission of knowledge from one person to another, suggesting that truth itself is not something that one will always learn from another, but something that one must find by oneself. Shakespeare further complicates the truth in Hamlet with the many unanswered questions he leaves us with. We dont know for sure if the ghost is truly good or e... ...d by the rest of history. The revolution of thought that occurred in the 16th and 17th centuries forced Shakespeare and other authors to change the foundations of their own thought. They were all willing to present to us their own ideology of truth so that we may bene fit from their knowledge. Everyone faces these crises in life, the crisis of ones own opinions being shattered by reality. We may hold on to our opinions, disregarding fact or move the facts to fit our theories. exclusively in order for progress to occur, we must at times shed our previous beliefs in favor of ones newly created. We must object to find a version of the truth that is based in knowledge, and one that satisfies our desires. We may never find a version of truth that is satisfactory for everyone. But our search cannot cease. The truth, after all, is in the eye of the beholder.